A highly-soluble salt in water releasing a lot of heat, deliquescent due to its high affinity to moisture from surrounding atmosphere. It can be produced directly from reacting limestone with hydrochloric acid, but large amounts are also produced as a by-product of the Solvay process (2 NaCl + CaCO₃ → Na₂CO₃ + CaCl₂). Because of its hygroscopic nature CaCl₂ must be kept in tightly-sealed containers.

Uses: Calcium chloride is used in many applications such as:

1. Melting the snow and ice on roads, highways, parking lots, airports and ports.
2. Oil drilling fluid and a dehydrating agent in petrochemical industries.

• Desiccant in various industries.

1. Removing dust in air and coal mines to avoid mines dust.
2. Antifreezing agent to make concrete to speed up cement hardening.
3. Used in beverages, canned vegetables pickles due to its extremely salty taste without increasing sodium content.

• Aqueous solution lowers freezing point to as low as (-52^oC), making it ideal for use in refrigeration industries.

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